Die Orientierung der Reformen im deutschen Hochschulsystem - seit 1998 - am Vorbild des amerikanischen Hochschulwesens

Episode von Sozialwissenschaftliche Fakultät - Digitale Hochschulschriften der LMU von Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München · 4. Februar 2005

In this dissertation the reforms in the German system of higher education since 1998 are examined under the aspect of their relation to American higher education as an internationally successful frame of reference. The author hereby makes an important contribution to the current discussion on higher education policy in Germany.

In a first step, the most important structural and cultural characteristics of existing German and American higher education are presented in respect to their historical development. The subsequent structural and cultural comparison of higher education in the two countries is conducted along the dimensions of the role of the state and the conception of education. In addition, advantages and disadvantages of higher education in Germany and the USA are compared. Within this frame of reference, it is now possible to make statements about the possibilities and limits, the chances and risks of introducing American structural elements into the German system of higher education. At the same, time cultural changes concerning developments in German higher education policy can be included in the examination.

The analysis of the legal and practical implementation of the reform elements shows that German higher education is undergoing considerable alteration. Its general direction can be determined with the help of American higher education as a basis for comparison. One of the most important premises for the success of the most recent reforms in the German system of higher education, besides sufficient funding, is the creation of conditions in which the disadvantages which are taken on simultaneously with the advantages of the respective reform elements can be attenuated. As a result, American higher education can only conditionally serve as an example for modernizing German higher education. Idiosyncrasies of German higher education and their strengths should therefore be taken into account and retained where appropriate.

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